Python Attributes and Methods
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Python Attributes and Methods

Shalabh Chaturvedi

About This Book

Explains the mechanics of attribute access, how functions become methods, descriptors, properties, MRO and the like for new-style Python objects. New-style implies Python version 2.2 and up.

This book is part of a series:

Python Types and Objects
Python Attributes and Methods [you are here]

This revision: 1.22
Discuss | Latest version | Cover page
Author: shalabh@cafepy.com

Table of Contents

Before You Begin

1. New Attribute Access

The Dynamic __dict__
From Function to Method
Creating Descriptors
Two Kinds of Descriptors
Attribute Search Summary
Descriptors In The Box

2. Method Resolution Order

The Problem (Method Resolution Disorder)
The "Who's Next" List
A Super Solution
Computing the MRO

3. Usage Notes

Special Methods
Subtyping Built-in Types

Related Documentation

List of Figures

2.1. The Diamond Diagram
2.2. A Simple Hierarchy
2.3. Beads on Strings - Unsolvable
2.4. Beads on Strings - Solved
2.5. Multiple Solutions

List of Examples

1.1. Simple attribute access
1.2. A function is more
1.3. A simple descriptor
1.4. Using a descriptor
1.5. Non-data descriptors
1.6. Hiding a method
1.7. Built-in descriptors
1.8. More on properties
2.1. Usual base call technique
2.2. Base call technique fails
2.3. Making a "Who's Next" list
2.4. Call next method technique
2.5. One super technique
2.6. Using super with a class method
2.7. Another super technique
3.1. Special methods work on type only
3.2. Forwarding special method to instance
3.3. Subtyping <type 'list'>
3.4. Using __slots__ for optimization
3.5. Customizing creation of subtypes

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